Art of coking heavy oils



Aug. 23, 1932. o. F. CAMPBELL ET Al. 1,872,384

ART OF COKING HEAVY OIL'S Filed March 7. 1929 I INVENTORS Patented Aug. 23, 1932 umrao f eTiqB OLIVER rucmrBELL, or winrme; mural, 4 m nuennncinamrrnn, drama; 4 rumors, ASSIGNORS "10 smcnnannrmme coursmnor new roam-u, Y-WA CORPORATION OF MAINE 1 an: or commamw .oIns

' nt anu 7,1929. ammo. $44,955:, v

This invention relates to improvements the coking-of heavy oils, such as crudes, topped crudes, 'flux oils, other residual oils and the like. More particularly, this invention relates to improvements in suchcoking operations in which a charge oi coke is formed'and deposited within acokingreceptacle from which this coke product must be discharged. Commercially, lump coke is more valuable than coke fines. The improvements of this invention assist particularly in increasing the production of lump coke and in decreasing the production of coke fines in such coking operations. Other advantages of the invention will be apparent as the description proceeds.

The invention is particularlyuseful in connection with the operations described in applications Serial No. 340,996, filed February 18, 1929, Patent No. 1,831,719 dated Novem ber 10, 1931, and Serial 'No. 341,214 filed Februar 19, 1929, by Harry L. Pelzer and Serial 0, 347,533 filed -March' 16, 1929, by Edward W. Isom and George H. Taber, jr., but, as will be apparent, it is of more general ap lication. I

ostof the fines produced in such coking operations are produced, not during the coking operation proper, but during the discharge of the coke product from the coking receptacle, and such fines are produced by the disintegration of what otherwise would be lump coke. This discharge of the coke product has been efiected, heretofore, in a number of ways ranging from the crude digging out of the coke product to more refined methods involving the prearrangement of chains or cables within the coking receptacle so that, at the termination of the coking operation proper, the chains or cables extend through thebody of the coke charge so that the coke product can be broken up Within the receptacle and discharged by pulling out the chains or cables.

This invention provides for the removal of the bulk of the coke product from the coking receptacle as large coherent blocks which can be broken up for sizing as desired with a minimum production of coke fines and a maximum production of lump coke. The

discharge of the coke product "from the coking' receptacle is, moreover, throughthis in Ventiommuch simplified and much expedited,

making it ossible to keep the cokingreceptm cle in use or carrying out thecokin operation proper a greater proportion oft e time.

According tothis invention, a radially thin annulus of the charge of'coke in the coking receptacle, a cylindrical coking receptacle being used, is removed immediately adjacent the wall of the coking receptacle at the termination of the coking'operation proper and.

the remaining bulk of the coke charge is then removed as a single block or as a relatively small number of large blocks.

In carrying out this invention, in a. particularly advantageous manner, a cable is prearranged within the 'cokin'g receptacle in closely wound turns, touching o'r nearIy touching, lying just within the wall of the coking receptacle and, at theterminationof the coking operation proper, this cable, is

pulled out leaving an annular space some what thicker, radially, than the diameter of the cable immediately adjacent the wallet the coke as a free block orblocks within the 75, i the coking receptacle and leaving t-he bulk of 9 coking receptacle, and :thisblock coke is then i discharged en bloc through one or the other of the heads of the coking receptacle} By windingthe turns of the cable ascloselyas possible, as prearrangedwithin the coking receptacle, a minimum of the coke charge is a broken up when the cablei's pulled out, and the stress on the cable isalso thus reduced.

In carrying out this invention, in its broader aspects, the radially thin annulus" of the'charge of cokemay be jremov'ediimmediately adjacent the wall of the coking receptacle as just described or, as afurther example, as described in application SerialNoj.

345,016,"fi1e d""March 7], 1929; by 'Wi'lliarn s.

Gullette.

This invention will be further escribed iii.

connection with the accompanying drawing which illustrates, diagrammatically and conventionally, one form of apparatus adapted forthe practice of the invention, but it is intended and. will be understood that this more detailed description and illustration are simply by way of exemplification.

In-the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 represents inelevation a coking receptacle, Fig.

or 347,533, mentioned above.

2 represents a frame, carrying a cable lining for the vcoking receptacle, and F1 3 an end view of the frame illustrated in Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawing, the heavy oil stock to be reduced to coke is sprayed into the upper end of the coking'receptacle 4" through connection 5,the hot vapors from a vapor phase cracking operation, for example, are released within the lower end of the coking receptacle 4 through connection 6, and the vapor mixture resulting from the coking operation is discharged, from the upper end of the'coking receptacle 4'through connection '4'. The coking-operation proper may be carried out, for example, as described in any of the applications Serial Nos. 340,996, 341,214

receptacle 4 may,"for example, be a drum 9 in diameter and 30' high, The cable lining T for thecoking receptacle 4 iswound upon a .frame com-prising a plurality of rods or bars .Ssupported by one ormore spiders'S), For

use in a coking receptacle of the dimensions just given, the spiders 9 may be dimensioned to hold the rods or bars S on a circle, for eX- ample, 8' 6 in diameter. The cable may consist, for example of a 1 steel wire rope.

IVhen positioned within the coking receptacle 4, the cable-lining frame, comprising .the spiders 9 and the rods or bars 8, is supported by means? of cable 10 extending through a gland'in the upper head 1l of. the coking receptacleand carried, for example,

.by an I-beanil2 arranged above the coking receptacle, the. lower head v13 is of the full diameter of the coking receptacle 4. This large-diameter head mayzbe sealed, for examp e, 344,940, filed March 7, 1,819,095 dated August 18, 193l,by Eugene as described in application Serial No. 1929,. Patent No.

C. Herthela A In carrying out the invention with the apparatus i'llustrated,assuming the coking receptacle 4 clean and open, a cable is closely wound,- as shown in Fig.,2,'on the cable lining frame. This frame carrying the cable linin is then placed in the coking receptacle 4 an secured to the supporting cable .10. The lower head 13 is then clamped in place and the cokingop'erationcarried out. At theterminationoftheco'kingoperation roper,t h'e lower head 13 is removed. The cali the coking receptacle 4 by means of a winch.

This removal of the cable lining leaves an annular space somewhat thicker, radially, than the diameter of the cable immediately adjacent the wall of the coking receptacle and leaves the bulk of the coke as a free block or The I coking ported within the coking receptacle by means of the cable 10. The cable lining frame and the remaining coke charge are then lowered out of the coking receptacle 4 by means ofthesupportingcable 10. Another cable lining frame carrying a cable lining, usually prepared during the preceding operation, is then placed within the coking receptacle 4 and the operation resu1ned,-as d'escribedi. A small amount 'of coke may remain adhering to the Wall of the coking receptacle 4, after removal of the cable lining, but'thismay be disregarded so long as this coke accumulation does not interfere with the insertion of the next cable lining.

In a coking receptacle 9 in diameter and 30 high, thecoke product may bedischarged, for example, as a single block 8 6" iii-diameter and20 or more long. i

We claim: I

1.' In coking heavy oils in a cylindrical reducing a charge of heavy oil to coke in said receptacle'and,'at'the termination of the cokmg operation proper pulling the cable out of thecoking receptacle, and then removing the remaining bulk of the cokebody en bloc.

In testimony whereoffwe: atlix our signatures.

OLIVER F. CAMPBELL;

EUGENE C. HERTHEL.

coking receptacle, the improvement which le forming the cable lining wound on the cable liningframe "is then pulled out through the lower end of blocks within the cable liningframeand supv 

